Experimental evidence
suggests that higher ω-3 relative to ω-6 could reduce mammary carcinogenesis
through mechanisms related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and estrogen metabolism.
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| Breast Cancer |
A recently published meta-analysis
of population based prospective cohort studies reported an approximately null
association for dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) among
studies that were conducted using populations from the United States (U.S.).
This is inconsistent with findings from studies conducted in Asia that show
risk reductions for ω-3 intake. PUFAs may affect carcinogenesis via multiple
biologic pathways. Thus, we hypothesized that interactions with biologically
relevant genetic polymorphisms with breast cancer may help to clarify the
biologically plausible association with PUFAs. We further hypothesized that
consideration of the ratio of ω-3 to ω-6 intake (ω-3:ω-6) may enhance our
examination of interactions with breast cancer, given the two PUFA subgroups compete
for the same metabolic enzymes.
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